Analyse économique

The phenomenal international bestseller that shows us how to stop trying to predict everything - and take advantage of uncertainty What have the invention of the wheel, Pompeii, the Wall Street Crash, Harry Potter and the internet got in common? Why are all forecasters con-artists? Why should you never run for a train or read a newspaper? This book is all about Black Swans: the random events that underlie our lives, from bestsellers to world disasters. Their impact is huge; they're impossible to predict; yet after they happen we always try to rationalize them. 'Taleb is a bouncy and even exhilarating guide ... I came to relish what he said, and even develop a sneaking affection for him as a person' Will Self, Independent on Sunday 'He leaps like some superhero of the mind' Boyd Tonkin, Independent

In this New York Times bestseller, a young and successful entrepreneur makes the case that politics has no place in business, and sets out a new vision for the future of American capitalism. There’s a new invisible force at work in our economic and cultural lives. It affects every advertisement we see and every product we buy, from our morning coffee to a new pair of shoes. “Stakeholder capitalism” makes rosy promises of a better, more diverse, environmentally-friendly world, but in reality this ideology championed by America’s business and political leaders robs us of our money, our voice, and our identity. Vivek Ramaswamy is a traitor to his class. He’s founded multibillion-dollar enterprises, led a biotech company as CEO, he became a hedge fund partner in his 20s, trained as a scientist at Harvard and a lawyer at Yale, and grew up the child of immigrants in a small town in Ohio. Now he takes us behind the scenes into corporate boardrooms and five-star conferences, into Ivy League classrooms and secretive nonprofits, to reveal the defining scam of our century. The modern woke-industrial complex divides us as a people. By mixing morality with consumerism, America’s elites prey on our innermost insecurities about who we really are. They sell us cheap social causes and skin-deep identities to satisfy our hunger for a cause and our search for meaning, at a moment when we as Americans lack both. This book not only rips back the curtain on the new corporatist agenda, it offers a better way forward. America’s elites may want to sort us into demographic boxes, but we don’t have to stay there. Woke, Inc. begins as a critique of stakeholder capitalism and ends with an exploration of what it means to be an American today – a journey that begins with cynicism and ends with hope.

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, fondateur du mutuellisme et premier penseur à se revendiquer ouvertement anarchiste, élabore dans cet ouvrage sa théorie de la propriété comme instrument central de l'exploitation sociale. Prolongeant son célèbre « La propriété, c'est le vol », Proudhon propose ici une analyse plus systématique des fondements juridiques, économiques et moraux de la propriété privée pour en démontrer l'illégitimité foncière. Sa critique ne vise pas toute forme de possession – il distingue la propriété des moyens de production de la possession d'usage – mais l'accumulation capitaliste qui permet à certains de vivre du travail d'autrui sans contribuer eux-mêmes à la production. La théorie mutuelliste de Proudhon imagine une société d'associations libres de travailleurs où l'échange se ferait à valeur égale, sans profit et sans État. Cette vision anticipe certaines formes modernes d'économie sociale et solidaire. L'influence de Proudhon sur le mouvement ouvrier du XIXe siècle a été considérable, même si Marx et lui se sont violemment opposés sur les moyens de la transformation sociale. Cet ouvrage demeure une pièce maîtresse de la pensée socialiste libertaire, représentant une alternative au collectivisme d'État et au capitalisme libéral, centrée sur l'autonomie et la réciprocité.

Niall Ferguson retrace l'histoire de la finance depuis ses origines en Mésopotamie antique jusqu'aux crises contemporaines, en démontrant que l'évolution de la monnaie, du crédit et des instruments financiers constitue le fil rouge essentiel de l'histoire humaine, souvent plus déterminant que les guerres, les révolutions ou les avancées technologiques. Le livre est structuré autour des principaux piliers de la finance moderne : le chapitre sur la monnaie et le crédit explore les débuts du troc, l'invention des pièces, l'essor des banques en Italie du Nord (Médicis) et les bulles spéculatives comme celle de John Law au XVIIIe siècle ; les obligations (bonds) sont analysées via leur rôle dans le financement des États et des guerres (Rothschild finançant Napoléon) ; les actions et marchés boursiers sont illustrés par les premières compagnies à capitaux (hollandaises) et les grandes bulles (South Sea, dot-com) ; l'assurance et la gestion du risque remontent aux origines romaines et aux loteries pour couvrir les risques maritimes ou incendies ; un chapitre sur l'immobilier met en lumière l'importance de la propriété privée pour la démocratie et les bulles immobilières pré-2008 ; enfin, Ferguson examine la « planète finance » globale, où la financiarisation accélérée propulse des pays comme la Chine et l'Inde hors de la pauvreté, tout en générant inégalités et crises récurrentes. L'auteur insiste sur le fait que la finance n'est pas un mal nécessaire mais le moteur de progrès, même si elle reste fragile, cyclique et sujette aux excès humains, et que comprendre son ascension permet de mieux saisir pourquoi les sociétés prospèrent ou s'effondrent.

Using evolution as the template to understand growth, The Nature of Value takes a first-principles approach to explore the parallels between economic and ecological systems. Not only does Gogerty show how value is born out of tiny sparks of adaptive innovation, but he also explores the full scope of the economy as a complex network. He borrows from an array of disciplines – including anthropology, psychology, ecology, physics, sociology, and ethics – and, most revealing of all, examines how evolution's processes can help investors avoid risk and improve their allocation decisions. Starting with a look at how innovation creates value for firms, Gogerty considers the economic niches where companies compete and explores how they can create defensive moats to enhance their ability to survive. Throughout the book, Gogerty demonstrates how this ecological understanding of the economy can help allocators improve their performance, supporting his arguments with extensive data and years of practitioner experience from scientific, social, and economic disciplines. Gogerty's practical takeaways, couched in vivid explanations and accompanied by intuitive illustrations, help investors of all backgrounds gain fresh insight into the behavior of corporations and the economy in general.

Winner of the Spear's Best Business Book Award Longlisted for the 2012 Financial Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award For the past forty years western economies have splurged on debt. Now, as the reality dawns that many debts cannot be repaid, we find ourselves again in crisis. But the oncoming defaults have a time-worn place in our economic history. As with the crises in the 1930s and 1970s, governments will fall, currencies will lose their value, and new systems will emerge. Just as Britain set the terms of the international system in the nineteenth century, and America in the twentieth century, a new system will be set by today's creditors in China and the Middle East. In the process, rich will be pitted against poor, young against old, public sector workers against taxpayers and one country against another. In Paper Promises, Economist columnist Philip Coggan helps us to understand the origins of this mess and how it will affect the new global economy by explaining how our attitudes towards debt have changed throughout history, and how they may be about to change again.